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OVERVIEW
Located between India and Tibet, Nepal is host to both geographical and cultural diversity. Hot Indian plains and steamy Tarai lowlands are found in the south. High snow-capped Himalayan peaks and the Tibetan plateau can be seen to the north. People from different religious and tribal traditions celebrate several colourful festivals worth visiting as ancient Hindu and Buddhist religious rituals are intermingled in this land.
The high-peaked mountains have always attracted mountaineers and trekkers, offering some of the greatest challenges and most scenic walking opportunities on earth. Apart from mountain climbing and trekking which are the most popular, there is also great white water rafting on steep mountain rivers, elephant-back safaris or tiger tracking in the Royal Chitwan and Royal Bardia National Parks
Kathmandu, the country's capital and largest city, boasts a bustling historical centre, with squares and temples. Kathmandu's core is Durbar Square, with the Vishnumati River to the west and Ratna Park to the east.
The city is justly proud of its temples and artisans and it is their handiwork that provides the focus of the stunning Durbar Square - packed with the largest display of Newari architecture in Nepal. It includes the Royal Palace, which contains a richly decorated bathtub, and the two-tiered brick Jagannarayan Temple. To the north of the square is the Golden Temple, a Buddhist monastery guarded by sacred tortoises that loiter around the courtyard. South of the square is an area of charming streets lined with metalsmiths and brassware shops.
Patan's attractions include a collection of four stupas, thought to have been built over 2500 years ago, and Nepal's only zoo, which features a reasonable assortment of rhinos, tigers, leopards and bird life. Palm readers gather in the park outside - they may be able to point out which animal you'll be reincarnated as. Tibetan carpets can be bought in Jawlakhel, east of the city.
Nepalese people are mainly Hindu and their official language is Nepali. The country has a subtropical climate with a monsoon season (June to September). The country's currency is the Nepalese Rupee.
Some tips to take into account when visiting Nepal: the electricity runs on 230 Volts and the country code is 977.
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