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OVERVIEW
The city of Erzurum (also Erzerum) is located in eastern part of the country and is about 1950 m (about 6400 ft) above sea level. It is crossed by the Korasuyu (Karasu) River and its origins date back from 4000 BC.
A sample of the city's history are the well preserved Byzantine city walls. Historical finds can be seen in the Archaeological Museum, which is a part of the Erzurum Museum. The Erzurum Museum has two stories, with three halls. One hall displays coins while the other two contain archaeological and ethnographical pieces. The Ulu Mosque built in 1179 has many columns and seven wide naves. Next door is the Cifte Minareli Medrese, a perfect example of Seljuk architecture. Some interesting tombs include the Three Tombs (Uc Kumbetler) and the 13th- century Hatuniye Tomb. With its beautiful portal and richly tiled minaret, the 13th century Yakutiye Medrese is a mosque worth visiting. Other historical places of interest are the Aziziye monument, which commemorates the Turkish - Russian War; the citadel and Bell Tower; the Rustem Pasa Caravanserai and the Bedesten.
Surrounded by earth fortifications, the city features narrow streets and gray volcanic rock constructions. It is famous for its handcrafted articles of leather and metal. The city produces wheat, barley, sugar beets, and vegetables because it is situated in a fertile agricultural region. Erzurum has a specific local black stone which is used for jewelry, found especially in Tashan. It also houses the Ataturk University (1957).
Lake Tortum, 120 km from Erzurum, and Mount Palandoken together with its waterfalls are ideal for nature lovers. Palandoken winter sports resort is only 6 km from Erzurum. The waterfalls at the northern end of the lake are worth seeing as they plunge from a height of 47 m. It is also possible to practise mountaineering with peaks of 3000 m and enjoy from many hot springs and meadows.
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